Redigerer Messerschmitt Me 410

{{Kildeløs|Helt uten kilder.|dato=10. okt. 2015}}
{{Infoboks fly
|navn=Me 410 ''Hornisse''
|bilde=D-Me410.JPG
|type=Multirolle [[jagerbomber]]
|produsentnavn=[[Messerschmitt]]
|designetav= 
|første-flyvning=[[1942]]
|introdusert=[[1943]]
|utfaset=
|status=Ikke operativ
|hovedbrukere=[[Tyskland]], [[Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)|Luftwaffe]]
|flerebrukere=[[Ungarn]]
|produsert-mellomår=Mai 1943 - August [[1944]]
|antall-produsert= 1160
|enhetspris=
|forrigemodell=[[Messerschmitt Me 210|Me 210]]
|nestemodell=}}
'''Messerschmitt Me 410''' «Hornisse» ([[geithams]]) var et [[Tyskland|tysk]] tungt [[jagerfly]] / [[jagerbomber]] utviklet og produsert av [[Messerschmitt]] for [[Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)|Luftwaffe]] under [[andre verdenskrig]]. Flyet var hovedsakelig en forbedring av det svært mangelfulle [[Messerschmitt Me 210]] og fikk et helt nytt produksjonsnummer for å tydeligere skille mellom de to modellene. Flyet fløy første gang i [[1942]].

== Historie og utvikling ==

Messerschmitt hadde hatt planer om å introdusere Me 210 siden [[1939]], men flyet hadde vist seg å være svært mangelfullt både i motorkraft og manøvreringsevne. Flyet kom derfor aldri i produksjon i Tyskland. I [[Ungarn]] derimot hadde de gjort en rekke endringer i designet, noe som resulterte i Me 210C, som var en bedre modell enn den tyske. Dette ble tatt til etterretning i Tyskland, og man planla å produsere en Me 210D-modell. For å unngå det dårlige ryktet Me 210 hadde fått blant pilotene, ble det bestemt å gi det nye flyet et nytt navn; Me 410.

Den største forskjellen på de to flyene var motorene. Mens Me 210 var drevet av to [[Daimler-Benz DB 605]] motorer på 1&nbsp;500&nbsp;hp, hadde Me 410 to [[Daimler-Benz DB 603]] på 1&nbsp;750&nbsp;hp. Dette økte makshastigheten på flyet til 625&nbsp;km/t, marsjfarten til 579&nbsp;km/t, samtidig som det økte stigningshastigheten og makshøyden. Flyet kunne også bære flere våpen enn forgjengeren.

== Spesifikasjoner (Me 410 A-1) ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Tekniske data
! 
|-
| Mannskap
| 2
|-
| Lengde
| 12,40 m 
|-
| Vingespenn
| 16,38 m
|-
| Høyde
| 4,20 m
|-
| Vingeareal
| 36,20 m² 
|-
| Vekt (uten last)
|  6 146 kg
|-
| Vekt (maksimalt)
| 10 659 kg 
|-
| Motor
| 2 × Daimler-Benz DB 603 A <br/>(2 × 1 850 hk ) 
|-
! Ytelser
! 
|-
| Maksimal hastighet
| 625 km/t
|-
| Rekkevidde
| 2 300 km
|-
| Marsjhøyde
| 10 000 m 
|-
| Klatrefart
| 650 m/min
|-
! Bevæpning
!
|- 
|Maskingeværer
|2 ×  MG 131, 13 mm <br/>2 × MG 17, 7,92 mm 
|-
| Maskinkanoner
| 2 × MG 151, 20 mm
|-
|}

== Litteratur ==
* Stocker, Werner and Peter Petrick. Messerschmitt Me 210 / Me 410 Hornisse/ Hornet. Hinckley, UK: Midland Publishing, 2007. ISBN 1-85780-271-3.

== Eksterne lenker ==
* [http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2/f/232/2/2 Wings Palette-fargelegging] {{Wayback|url=http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2/f/232/2/2 |date=20180926205447 }}

{{Messerschmitt}}
{{Autoritetsdata}}

<!-- ==Development==

The new version included a lengthened fuselage and new leading-edge slats, both of which had been tested on 210s and were found to dramatically improve handling. The slats had originally been featured on the earliest 210 models, but had been removed on production models due to poor handling. When entering a turn, the slats on the inside wing had a tendency to pop open and add to the problems keeping the aircraft flying smoothly. However, when the problems with the general lateral instability were addressed, this was no longer a real problem.

The 410 was the plane that the 210 should have been. Deliveries began in mid-1943, more than two years later than the original plan had called for. When it arrived it was liked by its crews, even though its improved performance was not enough to protect it from the swarms of high performance Allied fighters they faced.

==Combat service==
The Me 410 night bomber proved to be an elusive target for the RAF night fighters. The first unit to operate over the UK was V./KG 2, which had its first casualty in Me 410 on the night of 13-14 July 1943, shot down by a [[de Havilland Mosquito]].

The Me 410's operational record as a [[bomber destroyer]] was moderately successful against unescorted bombers. A considerable number of kills against U.S.A.A.F. day bomber formations were amassed by II/ZG 26. Unfortunately for the Luftwaffe the Me 410 was no match in a dogfight with lighter single-engine fighters such as the [[P-51]] or the [[P-47]]. In early 1944 Me 410 units were frequently mauled by the swarms of Allied fighters protecting the bomber streams. For example, on May 13, 1944 II/ZG 26 was jumped by 20 P-51s, and 12 Me 410 were lost.

From the summer of 1944, the destroyers were taken from front line duties and production was phased out in favor of single-engine fighters, with the 410's remaining in service flying on reconnaissance duties only.

Some Me 410s were utilized with [[Junkers Ju 188]]s during the [[Battle of Normandy]] for high-altitude night reconnaissance missions.

==Production==
The basic A-series planes were armed with two 7.92 mm [[MG 17]] and two 20 mm [[MG 151/20]] in the nose and delivered as the '''Me 410 A-1''' [[light bomber]]. The originally planned [[heavy fighter]] '''Me 410 A-2''' was cancelled because the dual [[MK 103 cannon]] pack was not ready in time. The Me 410A featured a bomb bay for carrying air-to-ground ordnance or for the installation of additional air-to-air weaponry or other equipment.  Initially, three ''Umrüst-Bausätze'' (conversion kits) were available, '''U1''' contained a palette of cameras for the photo-[[reconnaissance]] role, '''U2''' two 20mm MG 151/20 cannon with 250 rounds each for the heavy fighter use, and '''U4''' used the 50 mm [[BK5 cannon]] with 21 rounds to turn the aircraft into a dedicated [[bomber destroyer]]. The BK5 cannon, derived from a now outdated anti-tank weapon, allowed the 410s to shoot at their targets from over 1,000 yards, a distance at which the bombers' guns were useless for defense. The low rate of fire and limited ammunition supply together with the extra weight of the large gun made the other anti-bomber versions of Me 410, especially those with extra [[MG 151/20]] cannon, much more useful. The dedicated reconnaissance version '''Me 410 A-3''' received a deeper fuselage for additional cameras and fuel. The 410 A-3 entered service in small numbers in early 1944, and equipped three long-range reconnaissance Staffeln (one on the Western Front and the other two on the Eastern Front).

[[Fil:Me 410 with BK50.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Messerschmitt Me 410A-1/U4: Note the new telescopic gunsight, protruding just above the cannon.]]

The '''Me 410B'''-series was largely the same as the A-series, but replaced the 7.92 mm MG 17's with 13 mm [[MG 131]]. The originally planned 1,900 hp (1.397 kW) DB 603G engine was cancelled in early 1944 so all 410B's used DB 603A or DB 603AA engines, just like the A-series. The DB 603G would have increased the maximum speed to 630 km/h (392 mph), and cruising speed to 595 km/h (370 mph), although the weights increased once again. The versions were the same as with the A-series, the '''Me 410 B-1''', '''Me 410 B-2''' and '''Me 410 B-3''' filling the same roles as the earlier A-1, A-2 and A-3 versions.

Several experimental models were also developed. The '''Me 410 B-5''' added shackles under the fuselage to carry a [[torpedo]], and removed the MG 131s in the nose to make room for the '''FuG 200''' ''Hohentwiel'' ship-search [[radar]]. The bomb bay was not used  in this version in order to make room for a 650 litre fuel tank, and the defensive gun barbettes were replaced by another 700 litre fuel tank for long-range missions. The '''Me 410 B-6''' was a similar anti-shipping conversion, but intended for the short-range coastal role only. For this mission it did not use a torpedo, and was instead a simple modification of the B-1 with the FuG 200 radar. The '''Me 410 B-7/B-8''' were updated B-3 reconnaissance modell that were only built as prototypes.

The '''Me 410C''' was a high-altitude version drawn up in early 1944, with two new wings designs that increased span to 18.25 m or 20.45 m (60 ft or 67 ft). The larger wings allowed the gear to retract directly to the rear. A new universal engine mount would allow for the use of any of the [[Daimler-Benz DB 603|DB 603JZ]] or [[BMW 801]]J [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] engines or the [[Junkers Jumo 213|Jumo 213E]] two-stage mechanically supercharged engines, driving a new four-bladed propeller with very wide blades. The 801 was air-cooled and the 213 used an annular [[radiator]] in the nose, so the normal under-wing radiators were removed and the DB powered versions would use the radiator from the 213's. None were ever built, as Me 410 production was canceled before the engines matured.

The '''Me 410D''' was a simpler upgrade to the B-series to improve altitude performance, but not to the same degree as the C-series. It would be powered by the DB 603JZ engines, and had a revised forward fuselage to increase the field of view of the pilot and reduce drag. It also replaced portions of the outer wing panels with ones made of wood to conserve strategic materials. Several were built, but like many other attempts at wood construction, the loss of the Tegofilm factory in a bombing raid meant the adhesives available were not strong enough, and the wooden portions failed.

Production was eventually canceled to concentrate on [[Messerschmitt Bf 109]]Gs in August [[1944]], after 1,160 Me 410s had been built.

==Survivors==
Two Me 410s survived. One is a Me 410 A-1/U2 (Werknummer 320430) in the collection of the [[RAF Museum]] and is displayed to the public at the Museum's site at [[RAF Cosford]]. The other is a Me 410 A-3 (Werknummer 10018, converted from Me 210 airframe) held by the [[National Air and Space Museum]] and is in storage, awaiting restoration, at the Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility. -->

{{Portal|andre verdenskrig}}

[[Kategori:Messerschmitt-luftfartøy]]
[[Kategori:Jagerfly]]
[[Kategori:Jagerbombere]]
[[Kategori:Fly fra andre verdenskrig]]
[[Kategori:Tomotors propelldrevne luftfartøy]]
[[Kategori:Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)]]