Vis kilden til Modul:Citation/CS1/Date validation

--[[
Last synced with enwiki: 2017-06-05

List of changes that must be applied after a sync:
- Translate "long_months", "short_months" and "season_list".
- Matchers:
	- Add a matcher for the "DD.MM.YYYY" format
	- Remove the following matchers:
		- month-initial: month day, year
		- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year
		- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year
	- Modify the following matchers to match "1. januar 2011" rather than "1 January 2011"
	  by adding "%." as appropriate:
		- day-initial: day month year
		- day-range-initial: day–day month year
		- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year
		- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year
	- Modify the month/season matchers by replacing "%s" with "[øå%a]" to match
	  "høsten" and "åren"
- In the 'dates' function:
	- replace the field names 'date', 'access-date' and 'year' with
	  'dato', 'besøksdato' and 'år'.
	 - Replace "n.d" and "n%.d%" (no date) with "u.d." and "u%.d%" (uten dato),
	   and "nd" (no date) with "udatert".
	 - In Norwegian, both "c." and "ca." should be allowed, so
	   replace "^c%." with "^ca?%."
]]

local p = {}


--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------
]]

local is_set = require('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities').is_set;
local in_array = require('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities').in_array;					-- imported function from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

--[=[-------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ A C C E S S D A T E >----------------------------------------

returns true if:
	Wikipedia start date <= accessdate < today + 2 days

Wikipedia start date is 2001-01-15T00:00:00 UTC which is 979516800 seconds after 1970-01-01T00:00:00 UTC (the start of Unix time)
accessdate is the date provided in |accessdate= at time 00:00:00 UTC
today is the current date at time 00:00:00 UTC plus 48 hours
	if today is 2015-01-01T00:00:00 then
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-02T00:00:00 – one second more than today
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-03T00:00:00 – one second more than tomorrow

This function does not work if it is fed month names for languages other than English.  Wikimedia #time: parser
apparently doesn't understand non-Engish date month names. This function will always return false when the date
contains a non-English month name because good1 is false after the call to lang.formatDate().  To get around that
call this function with YYYY-MM-DD format dates.

]=]

local function is_valid_accessdate (accessdate)
	local lang = mw.getContentLanguage();
	local good1, good2;
	local access_ts, tomorrow_ts;												-- to hold unix time stamps representing the dates
		
	good1, access_ts = pcall( lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', accessdate );			-- convert accessdate value to unix timesatmp 
	good2, tomorrow_ts = pcall( lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', 'today + 2 days' );	-- today midnight + 2 days is one second more than all day tomorrow
	
	if good1 and good2 then
		access_ts = tonumber (access_ts);										-- convert to numbers for the comparison
		tomorrow_ts = tonumber (tomorrow_ts);
	else
		return false;															-- one or both failed to convert to unix time stamp
	end

	if 979516800 <= access_ts and access_ts < tomorrow_ts then					-- Wikipedia start date <= accessdate < tomorrow's date
		return true;
	else
		return false;															-- accessdate out of range
	end
end


--[[--------------------------< G E T _ M O N T H _ N U M B E R >----------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the month in a date: 1 for January, etc.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct. If not a valid month, returns 0

]]

local function get_month_number (month, ucfirst)
	local long_months = {['januar']=1, ['februar']=2, ['mars']=3, ['april']=4, ['mai']=5, ['juni']=6, ['juli']=7, ['august']=8, ['september']=9, ['oktober']=10, ['november']=11, ['desember']=12};
	local short_months = {['jan.']=1, ['feb.']=2, ['mar.']=3, ['apr.']=4, ['mai']=5, ['jun.']=6, ['jul.']=7, ['aug.']=8, ['sep.']=9, ['okt.']=10, ['nov.']=11, ['des.']=12};
	local long_months_ucfirst = {['Januar']=1, ['Februar']=2, ['Mars']=3, ['April']=4, ['Mai']=5, ['Juni']=6, ['Juli']=7, ['August']=8, ['September']=9, ['Oktober']=10, ['November']=11, ['Desember']=12};
	local short_months_ucfirst = {['Jan.']=1, ['Feb.']=2, ['Mar.']=3, ['Apr.']=4, ['Mai']=5, ['Jun.']=6, ['Jul.']=7, ['Aug.']=8, ['Sep.']=9, ['Okt.']=10, ['Nov.']=11, ['Des.']=12};

	if ucfirst then
		return long_months_ucfirst[month] or												-- if month is the long-form name
			short_months_ucfirst[month] or													-- if month is the short-form name
			long_months[month] or															-- if month is the long-form name
			short_months[month] or															-- if month is the short-form name
			0;
	end
	return long_months[month] or												-- if month is the long-form name
		short_months[month] or													-- if month is the short-form name
		0;																		-- misspelled, improper case, or not a month name
end


--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ E M B A R G O _ D A T E >------------------------------------

returns true and date value if that value has proper dmy, mdy, ymd format.

returns false and 9999 (embargoed forever) when date value is not proper format; assumes that when |embargo= is
set, the editor intended to embargo a pmc but |embargo= does not hold a single date.

]]

local function is_valid_embargo_date (v)
	if v:match ('^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$') or									-- ymd
		v:match ('^%d%d?%s+%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$') or									-- dmy
		v:match ('^%a+%s+%d%d?%s*,%s*%d%d%d%d$') then							-- mdy
			return true, v;
	end
	return false, '9999';														-- if here not good date so return false and set embargo date to long time in future
end


--[[--------------------------< G E T _ S E A S O N _ N U M B E R >--------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the sequence of seasons in a year: 1 for Vinteren, etc.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct. If not a valid season, returns 0

]]

local function get_season_number (season)
local season_list = {['vinteren']=21, ['Vinteren']=21, ['våren']=22, ['Våren']=22, ['sommeren']=23, ['Sommeren']=23, ['høsten']=24, ['Høsten']=34};	-- make sure these numbers do not overlap month numbers
local temp;
	temp=season_list[season];
	if temp then return temp; end												-- if season is a valid name return its number
	return 0;																	-- misspelled, improper case, or not a season name
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ P R O P E R _ N A M E >--------------------------------------------------

returns a non-zero number if date contains a recognized proper name.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct.

]]

local function is_proper_name (name)
local name_list = {['julen']=31, ['Julen']=31}
local temp;
	temp=name_list[name];
	if temp then return temp; end				-- if name is a valid name return its number
	return 0;									-- misspelled, improper case, or not a proper name
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ O R _ S E A S O N >------------------------------

--returns true if month or season is valid (properly spelled, capitalized, abbreviated)

]]

local function is_valid_month_or_season (month_season, ucfirst)
	if 0 == get_month_number (month_season, ucfirst) then		-- if month text isn't one of the twelve months, might be a season
		if 0 == get_season_number (month_season) then	-- not a month, is it a season?
			return false;								-- return false not a month or one of the five seasons
		end
	end
	return true;
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ Y E A R >----------------------------------------------------

Function gets current year from the server and compares it to year from a citation parameter.  Years more than one year in the future are not acceptable.

]]
local year_limit;
local function is_valid_year(year)
	if not is_set(year_limit) then
		year_limit = tonumber(os.date("%Y"))+1;			-- global variable so we only have to fetch it once
	end
	return tonumber(year) <= year_limit;				-- false if year is in the future more than one year
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ D A T E >----------------------------------------------------
Returns true if day is less than or equal to the number of days in month and year is no farther into the future
than next year; else returns false.

Assumes Julian calendar prior to year 1582 and Gregorian calendar thereafter. Accounts for Julian calendar leap
years before 1582 and Gregorian leap years after 1582. Where the two calendars overlap (1582 to approximately
1923) dates are assumed to be Gregorian.

]]

local function is_valid_date (year, month, day)
local days_in_month = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
local month_length;
	if not is_valid_year(year) then												-- no farther into the future than next year
		return false;
	end
	
	month = tonumber(month);													-- required for YYYY-MM-DD dates
	
	if (2==month) then															-- if February
		month_length = 28;														-- then 28 days unless
		if 1582 > tonumber(year) then											-- Julian calendar
			if 0==(year%4) then
				month_length = 29;
			end
		else																	-- Gregorian calendar
			if (0==(year%4) and (0~=(year%100) or 0==(year%400))) then			-- is a leap year?
				month_length = 29;												-- if leap year then 29 days in February
			end
		end
	else
		month_length=days_in_month[month];
	end

	if tonumber (day) > month_length then
		return false;
	end
	return true;
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ R A N G E _ S T Y L E >--------------------------

Months in a range are expected to have the same style: Jan–Mar or October–December but not February–Mar or Jul–August. 
There is a special test for May because it can be either short or long form.

Returns true when style for both months is the same

]]

local function is_valid_month_range_style (month1, month2)
local len1 = month1:len();
local len2 = month2:len();
	if len1 == len2 then
		return true;															-- both months are short form so return true
	elseif 'Mai' == month1 or 'Mai'== month2 then
		return true;															-- both months are long form so return true
	elseif 3 == len1 or 3 == len2 then
		return false;															-- months are mixed form so return false
	else
		return true;															-- both months are long form so return true
	end
end


--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ S E A S O N _ R A N G E >------------------------

Check a pair of months or seasons to see if both are valid members of a month or season pair.

Month pairs are expected to be left to right, earliest to latest in time.

Similarly, seasons are also left to right, earliest to latest in time.  There is an oddity with seasons: vinteren is assigned a value of 1, våren 2, ...,
høsten 4.  Because vinteren can follow høsten at the end of a calender year, a special test is made to see if |date=Høsten-Vinteren yyyy (4-1) is the date.

]]

local function is_valid_month_season_range(range_start, range_end, ucfirst)
	local range_start_number = get_month_number (range_start, ucfirst);
	local range_end_number;
	
	if 0 == range_start_number then												-- is this a month range?
		local range_start_number = get_season_number (range_start);				-- not a month; is it a season? get start season number
		range_end_number = get_season_number (range_end);						-- get end season number

		if 0 ~= range_start_number then											-- is start of range a season?
			if range_start_number < range_end_number then						-- range_start is a season
				return true;													-- return true when range_end is also a season and follows start season; else false
			end
			if 24 == range_start_number and 21 == range_end_number then			-- special case when season range is Høsten-Vinteren
				return true;
			end
		end
		return false;		-- range_start is not a month or a season; or range_start is a season and range_end is not; or improper season sequence
	end

	range_end_number = get_month_number (range_end);							-- get end month number
	if range_start_number < range_end_number then								-- range_start is a month; does range_start precede range_end?
		if is_valid_month_range_style (range_start, range_end) then				-- do months have the same style?
			return true;														-- proper order and same style
		end
	end
	return false;																-- range_start month number is greater than or equal to range end number; or range end isn't a month
end


--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ C O I N S _ D A T E >------------------------------------------------

This function receives a table of date parts for one or two dates and an empty table reference declared in
Module:Citation/CS1.  The function is called only for |date= parameters and only if the |date=<value> is 
determined to be a valid date format.  The question of what to do with invalid date formats is not answered here.

The date parts in the input table are converted to an ISO 8601 conforming date string:
	single whole dates:		yyyy-mm-dd
	month and year dates:	yyyy-mm
	year dates:				yyyy
	ranges:					yyyy-mm-dd/yyyy-mm-dd
							yyyy-mm/yyyy-mm
							yyyy/yyyy

Dates in the Julian calendar are reduced to year or year/year so that we don't have to do calendar conversion from
Julian to Proleptic Gregorian.

The input table has:
	year, year2 – always present; if before 1582, ignore months and days if present
	month, month2 – 0 if not provided, 1-12 for months, 21-24 for seasons; 31– proper name dates
	day, day2 –  0 if not provided, 1-31 for days
	
the output table receives:
	rftdate:	an IS8601 formatted date
	rftchron:	a free-form version of the date, usually without year which is in rftdate (season ranges and propername dates)
	rftssn:		one of four season keywords: vinteren, våren, sommeren, høsten (lowercase)

]]

local function make_COinS_date (input, tCOinS_date)
	local date;																	-- one date or first date in a range
	local date2 = '';															-- end of range date
	
	if 1582 > tonumber(input.year) or 20 < tonumber(input.month) then			-- Julian calendar or season so &rft.date gets year only
		date = input.year;
		if 0 ~= input.year2 and input.year ~= input.year2 then					-- if a range, only the second year portion when not the same as range start year
			date = string.format ('%.4d/%.4d', tonumber(input.year), tonumber(input.year2))		-- assemble the date range
		end
		if 20 < tonumber(input.month) then										-- if season or propername date
			local season = {[21]='vinteren', [22]='våren', [23]='sommeren', [24]='høsten', [31]='julen'};	-- seasons lowercase, no autumn; proper names use title case
			if 0 == input.month2 then											-- single season date
				if 30 <tonumber(input.month) then
					tCOinS_date.rftchron = season[input.month];					-- proper name dates
				else
					tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];					-- seasons
				end
			else																-- season range with a second season specified
				if input.year ~= input.year2 then								-- season year – season year range or season year–year
					tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];					-- start of range season; keep this?
					if 0~= input.month2 then
						tCOinS_date.rftchron = string.format ('%s %s – %s %s', season[input.month], input.year, season[input.month2], input.year2);
					end
				else															-- season–season year range
					tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];					-- start of range season; keep this?
					tCOinS_date.rftchron = season[input.month] .. '–' .. season[input.month2];	-- season–season year range
				end
			end
		end
		tCOinS_date.rftdate = date;
		return;																	-- done
	end
	
	if 0 ~= input.day then
		date = string.format ('%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month), tonumber(input.day));	-- whole date
	elseif 0 ~= input.month then
		date = string.format ('%s-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month));	-- year and month
	else
		date = string.format ('%s', input.year);								-- just year
	end

	if 0 ~= input.year2 then
		if 0 ~= input.day2 then
			date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2), tonumber(input.day2));		-- whole date
		elseif 0 ~= input.month2 then
			date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2));	-- year and month
		else
			date2 = string.format ('/%s', input.year2);							-- just year
		end
	end
	
	tCOinS_date.rftdate = date .. date2;										-- date2 has the '/' separator
	return;
end


--[[--------------------------< C H E C K _ D A T E >----------------------------------------------------------

Check date format to see that it is one of the formats approved by WP:DATESNO or WP:DATERANGE. Exception: only
allowed range separator is endash.  Additionally, check the date to see that it is a real date: no 31 in 30-day
months; no 29 February when not a leap year.  Months, both long-form and three character abbreviations, and seasons
must be spelled correctly.  Future years beyond next year are not allowed.

If the date fails the format tests, this function returns false and does not return values for anchor_year and
COinS_date.  When this happens, the date parameter is used in the COinS metadata and the CITEREF identifier gets
its year from the year parameter if present otherwise CITEREF does not get a date value.

Inputs:
	date_string - date string from date-holding parameters (date, year, accessdate, embargo, archivedate, etc.)

Returns:
	false if date string is not a real date; else
	true, anchor_year, COinS_date
		anchor_year can be used in CITEREF anchors
		COinS_date is ISO 8601 format date; see make_COInS_date()

]]

local function check_date (date_string, tCOinS_date, test_accessdate)
	local year;			-- assume that year2, months, and days are not used;
	local year2=0;		-- second year in a year range
	local month=0;
	local month2=0;		-- second month in a month range
	local day=0;
	local day2=0;		-- second day in a day range
	local anchor_year;
	local coins_date;

	if date_string:match("^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$") then										-- year-initial numerical year month day format
		year, month, day=string.match(date_string, "(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)");
		if 12 < tonumber(month) or 1 > tonumber(month) or 1582 > tonumber(year) or 0 == tonumber(day) then return false; end	-- month or day number not valid or not Gregorian calendar
		anchor_year = year;

	elseif date_string:match("^%d%d?%.%d%d?%.%d%d%d%d$") then								-- Norsk datoformat 1: DD.MM.YYYY eller D.M.YYYY
		day, month, year=string.match(date_string, "(%d%d?)%.(%d%d?)%.(%d%d%d%d)");
		month = tonumber(month);
		year = tonumber(year);
		if 12 < month or 1 > month or 1583 > tonumber(year) then return false; end			-- month number not valid or not Gregorian calendar
		anchor_year = year;

	elseif date_string:match("^[1-9]%d?%. +%a+ +[1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then						-- day-initial: day. month year (fornorsket)
		day, month, anchor_year, year=string.match(date_string, "(%d%d*)%.%s*(%a+)%s*((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		month = get_month_number (month, false);
		if 0 == month then return false; end												-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[1-9]%d?%.[%-–][1-9]%d?%. +%a+ +[1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then				-- day-range-initial: day.–day. month year  (fornorsket); days are separated by endash
		day, day2, month, anchor_year, year=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "(%d%d?)%.[%-–](%d%d?)%. +(%a+) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		if tonumber(day) >= tonumber(day2) then return false; end							-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same;
		month = get_month_number (month, false);
		if 0 == month then return false; end												-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
		month2=month;																		-- for metadata
		year2=year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[1-9]%d?%. +%a+ [%-–] [1-9]%d?%. +%a+ +[1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then		-- day initial month-day-range: day. month - day. month year (fornorsket); uses spaced endash
		day, month, day2, month2, anchor_year, year=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "(%d%d?)%. +(%a+) [%-–] (%d%d?)%. +(%a+) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, false)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end	-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later;
		month = get_month_number (month, false);													-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2, false);
		year2=year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[1-9]%d?%. +%a+ +[1-9]%d%d%d [%-–] [1-9]%d?%. +%a+ +[1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then		-- day initial month-day-year-range: day. month year - day. month year (fornorsket); uses spaced endash
		day, month, year, day2, month2, anchor_year, year2=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "(%d%d?)%. +(%a+) +(%d%d%d%d?) [%-–] (%d%d?)%. +(%a+) +((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)");
		if tonumber(year2) <= tonumber(year) then return false; end												-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end		-- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style
		month = get_month_number (month, false);																		-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2, false);

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[øå%a]+ +[1-9]%d%d%d[%-–]%d%d%a?$") then								-- special case Vinteren/Sommeren year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash
		local century;
		month, year, century, anchor_year, year2=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "([øå%a]+) +((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%a?)");
		if 'Vinteren' ~= month and 'Sommeren' ~= month then return false end;					-- 'month' can only be Vinteren or Sommeren
		anchor_year=year..'–'..anchor_year;													-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		year2 = century..year2;																-- add the century to year2 for comparisons
		if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end						-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end									-- no year farther in the future than next year
		month = get_season_number (month);

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[øå%a]+ +[1-9]%d%d%d[%-–][1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then						-- special case Vinteren/Sommeren year-year; year separated with unspaced endash
		month, year, anchor_year, year2=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "([øå%a]+) +(%d%d%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		if 'Vinteren' ~= month and 'Sommeren' ~= month then return false end;					-- 'month' can only be Vinteren or Sommeren
		anchor_year=year..'–'..anchor_year;													-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end						-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end									-- no year farther in the future than next year
		month = get_season_number (month);													-- for metadata

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[øå%a]+ +[1-9]%d%d%d +[%-–] +[øå%a]+ +[1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then				-- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash
		month, year, month2, anchor_year, year2=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "([øå%a]+) +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +([øå%a]+) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		anchor_year=year..'–'..anchor_year;													-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		if tonumber(year) >= tonumber(year2) then return false; end							-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end									-- no year farther in the future than next year
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month, true) and 0 ~= get_month_number(month2, false) and is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then 	-- both must be month year, same month style
			month = get_month_number(month, true);
			month2 = get_month_number(month2, false);
		elseif 0 ~= get_season_number(month) and 0 ~= get_season_number(month2) then		-- both must be or season year, not mixed
			month = get_season_number(month);
			month2 = get_season_number(month2);
		else
			 return false;
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[øå%a]+[%-–][øå%a]+ +[1-9]%d%d%d%a?$") then					-- month/season range year; months separated by endash 
		month, month2, anchor_year, year=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "([øå%a]+)[%-–]([øå%a]+)%s*((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, true)) or (not is_valid_year(year)) then return false; end
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month, true) then									-- determined to be a valid range so just check this one to know if month or season
			month = get_month_number(month, true);
			month2 = get_month_number(month2, false);
		else
			month = get_season_number(month);
			month2 = get_season_number(month2);
		end
		year2=year;
		
	elseif date_string:match("^[øå%a]+ +%d%d%d%d%a?$") then							-- month/season year or proper-name year
		month, anchor_year, year=date_string:match("([øå%a]+)%s*((%d%d%d%d)%a?)");
		if not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end
		if not is_valid_month_or_season (month, true) and 0 == is_proper_name (month) then return false; end
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month, true) then									-- determined to be a valid range so just check this one to know if month or season
			month = get_month_number(month, true);
		elseif 0 ~= get_season_number(month) then
			month = get_season_number(month);
		else
			month = is_proper_name (month);										-- must be proper name; not supported in COinS
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[1-9]%d%d%d?[%-–][1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$") then				-- Year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999
		year, anchor_year, year2=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "(%d%d%d%d?)[%-–]((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)");
		anchor_year=year..'–'..anchor_year;										-- assemble anchor year from both years
		if tonumber(year) >= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "^[1-9]%d%d%d[%-–]%d%d%a?$") then						-- Year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash
		local century;
		year, century, anchor_year, year2=mw.ustring.match(date_string, "((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%a?)");
		anchor_year=year..'–'..anchor_year;										-- assemble anchor year from both years
		if 13 > tonumber(year2) then return false; end							-- don't allow 2003-05 which might be May 2003
		year2 = century..year2;													-- add the century to year2 for comparisons
		if tonumber(year) >= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

	elseif date_string:match("^[1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$") then							-- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY
		anchor_year, year=date_string:match("((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)");
		if false == is_valid_year(year) then
			return false;
		end

	else
		return false;															-- date format not one of the MOS:DATE approved formats
	end

	if test_accessdate then														-- test accessdate here because we have numerical date parts
		if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 							-- all parts of a single date required
			0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then						-- none of these; accessdate must not be a range
				if not is_valid_accessdate (year..'-'..month..'-'..day) then	
					return false;												-- return false when accessdate out of bounds
				end
		else
			return false;														-- return false when accessdate is a range of two dates
		end
	end

	local result=true;															-- check whole dates for validity; assume true because not all dates will go through this test
	if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then		-- YMD (simple whole date)
		result=is_valid_date(year,month,day);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-d (day range)
		result=is_valid_date(year,month,day);
		result=result and is_valid_date(year,month,day2);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-md (day month range)
		result=is_valid_date(year,month,day);
		result=result and is_valid_date(year,month2,day2);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 ~= year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-ymd (day month year range)
		result=is_valid_date(year,month,day);
		result=result and is_valid_date(year2,month2,day2);
	end
	
	if false == result then return false; end

	if nil ~= tCOinS_date then													-- this table only passed into this function when testing |date= parameter values
		make_COinS_date ({year=year, month=month, day=day, year2=year2, month2=month2, day2=day2}, tCOinS_date);	-- make an ISO 8601 date string for COinS
	end
	
	return true, anchor_year;													-- format is good and date string represents a real date
end	


--[[--------------------------< D A T E S >--------------------------------------------------------------------

Cycle the date-holding parameters in passed table date_parameters_list through check_date() to check compliance with MOS:DATE. For all valid dates, check_date() returns
true. The |date= parameter test is unique, it is the only date holding parameter from which values for anchor_year (used in CITEREF identifiers) and COinS_date (used in
the COinS metadata) are derived.  The |date= parameter is the only date-holding parameter that is allowed to contain the no-date keywords "n.d." or "nd" (without quotes).

Unlike most error messages created in this module, only one error message is created by this function. Because all of the date holding parameters are processed serially,
a single error message is created as the dates are tested.

]]

local function dates(date_parameters_list, tCOinS_date)
	local anchor_year;		-- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date=
	local COinS_date;		-- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date=
	local embargo_date;															-- if embargo date is a good dmy, mdy, ymd date then holds original value else reset to 9999
	local error_message = "";
	local good_date = false;
	
	for k, v in pairs(date_parameters_list) do									-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(v) then														-- if the parameter has a value
			if v:match("^ca?%. [1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$") then							-- special case for c. or ca. year or with or without CITEREF disambiguator - only |date= and |year=
				local year = v:match("ca?%. ([1-9]%d%d%d?)%a?");					-- get the year portion so it can be tested
				if 'dato'==k then
					anchor_year, COinS_date = v:match("((c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?)%a?)");	-- anchor year and COinS_date only from |date= parameter
					good_date = is_valid_year(year);
				elseif 'year'==k then
					good_date = is_valid_year(year);
				end
			elseif 'dato'==k then												-- if the parameter is |date=
				if v:match("^u%.d%.%a?$") then									-- if |date=u.d. with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v:match("((u%.d%.)%a?)");	--"u.d."; no error when date parameter is set to no date
				elseif v:match("^udatert%a?$") then									-- if |date=udatert with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v:match("((udatert)%a?)");	--"udatert";	no error when date parameter is set to no date
				else
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = check_date (v, tCOinS_date);	-- go test the date
				end
			elseif 'år'==k then													-- if the parameter is |år= it should hold only a year value
				if v:match("^[1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$") then							-- if |year= 3 or 4 digits only with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v:match("((%d+)%a?)");
				end
			elseif 'besøksdato'==k then											-- if the parameter is |besøksdato=
				good_date = check_date (v, nil, true);							-- go test the date; nil is a placeholder; true is the test_accessdate flag
			elseif 'embargo'==k then											-- if the parameter is |embargo=
				good_date = check_date (v);										-- go test the date
				if true == good_date then										-- if the date is a valid date
					good_date, embargo_date = is_valid_embargo_date (v);		-- is |embargo= date a single dmy, mdy, or ymd formatted date? yes:returns embargo; no: returns 9999
				end
			else																-- any other date-holding parameter
				good_date = check_date (v);										-- go test the date
			end
			if false==good_date then											-- assemble one error message so we don't add the tracking category multiple times
				if is_set(error_message) then									-- once we've added the first portion of the error message ...
					error_message=error_message .. ", ";						-- ... add a comma space separator
				end
				error_message=error_message .. "&#124;" .. k .. "=";			-- add the failed parameter
			end
		end
	end
	return anchor_year, embargo_date, error_message;											-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------< Y E A R _ D A T E _ C H E C K >------------------------------------------------

Compare the value provided in |year= with the year value(s) provided in |date=.  This function returns a numeric value:
	0 - year value does not match the year value in date
	1 - (default) year value matches the year value in date or one of the year values when date contains two years
	2 - year value matches the year value in date when date is in the form YYYY-MM-DD and year is disambiguated (|year=YYYYx)

]]

local function year_date_check (year_string, date_string)
	local year;
	local date1;
	local date2;
	local result = 1;															-- result of the test; assume that the test passes
	
	year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d?)');

	if date_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d') and year_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%a') then	--special case where both date and year are required YYYY-MM-DD and YYYYx
		date1 = date_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)');
		year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)');
		if year ~= date1 then
			result = 0;															-- years don't match
		else
			result = 2;															-- years match; but because disambiguated, don't add to maint cat
		end
		
	elseif date_string:match ("%d%d%d%d?.-%d%d%d%d?") then						-- any of the standard range formats of date with two three- or four-digit years
		date1, date2 = date_string:match ("(%d%d%d%d?).-(%d%d%d%d?)");
		if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then
			result = 0;
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, "%d%d%d%d[%-–]%d%d") then								-- YYYY-YY date ranges
		local century;
		date1, century, date2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, "((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]+(%d%d)");
		date2 = century..date2;													-- convert YY to YYYY
		if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then
			result = 0;
		end

	elseif date_string:match ("%d%d%d%d?") then									-- any of the standard formats of date with one year
		date1 = date_string:match ("(%d%d%d%d?)");
		if year ~= date1 then
			result = 0;
		end
	else
		result = 0;																-- no recognizable year in date
	end
	return result;
end


--[[-------------------------< R E F O R M A T   T A B L E S >------------------------------------------------

These table are used exclusively for reformatting dates

]]

local source_patterns = {						-- this table holds patterns that match allowed date formats used to extract date components
	['dmy'] = '(%d%d?)%s+(%a+)%s+(%d%d%d%d)',
	['mdy'] = '(%a+)%s+(%d%d?),%s+(%d%d%d%d)',
	['ymd'] = '(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)-(%d%d)',
	}

local short_formats = {							-- this table holds format strings used by os.date() for short month names
	['dmy'] = '%e %b %Y',
	['mdy'] = '%b %e, %Y',
	['ymd'] = '%F',
	}

local long_formats = {							-- this table holds format strings used by os.date() for long month names
	['dmy'] = '%e %B %Y',
	['mdy'] = '%B %e, %Y',
	['ymd'] = '%F',
	}


--[[-------------------------< G E T _ D M Y _ D A T E _ P A R T S >------------------------------------------

extracts year, month and day from DMY formatted date, places them in the source_date table, and returns.

]]

local function get_dmy_date_parts (date, source_date)
	source_date.day, source_date.month, source_date.year = date:match (source_patterns['dmy']);	-- get date components as strings
	source_date.month = get_month_number (source_date.month, false);					-- get month number
end


--[[-------------------------< G E T _ M D Y _ D A T E _ P A R T S >------------------------------------------

extracts year, month and day from MDY formatted date, places them in the source_date table, and returns.

]]

local function get_mdy_date_parts (date, source_date)
	source_date.month, source_date.day, source_date.year = date:match (source_patterns['mdy']);	-- get date components as strings
	source_date.month = get_month_number (source_date.month, true);					-- get month number
end


--[[-------------------------< G E T _ Y M D _ D A T E _ P A R T S >------------------------------------------

extracts year, month and day from YMD formatted date, places them in the source_date table, and returns.

]]

local function get_ymd_date_parts (date, source_date)
	source_date.year, source_date.month, source_date.day = date:match (source_patterns['ymd']);	-- get date components as strings
end


--[[-------------------------< R E F O R M A T _ D A T E S >--------------------------------------------------

Reformats existing dates into the format specified by format and short.

format is one of several keywords: dmy, dmy-all, mdy, mdy-all, ymd, ymd-all.  The all version includes access- and
archive-dates; otherwise these dates are not reformatted

Date ranges, season dates, proper name dates are not currently supported.

]]

local function reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, format, short)
	local all = false;															-- set to false to skip access- and archive-dates
	local format_str;
	local source_date = {};
	
	if format:match('%a+%-all') then
		format = format:match('(%a+)%-all');									-- extract the format
		all = true;																-- set to true to format access- and archive-dates
	end
	
	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(param_val) then												-- if the parameter has a value
			if not all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'}) then	-- if access- or archive-date and format not xxx-all
				param_val = '';													-- set to empty string so we don't process this date
			end
			for source, pattern in pairs(source_patterns) do
				if param_val:match(pattern) then
					if 'ymd' == source then
						get_ymd_date_parts (param_val, source_date);			-- get the date parts into the source_date table
					elseif 'dmy' == source then
						get_dmy_date_parts (param_val, source_date);			-- get the date parts into the source_date table
					elseif 'mdy' == source then
						get_mdy_date_parts (param_val, source_date);			-- get the date parts into the source_date table
					end

					if 'ymd' == format and 1582 > tonumber(source_date.year) then	-- ymd format dates not allowed before 1582
						return false;											-- abandon reformatting
					end
					
					if short then
						format_str = short_formats[format];
					else
						format_str = long_formats[format];
					end
																				-- convert date and save;
					date_parameters_list[param_name] = mw.text.trim (os.date (format_str, os.time(source_date)));	-- strip leading space when single digit day and %e is first format
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return true;																-- declare success and done
end


--[[--------------------------< D A T E _ H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >----------------------------------------

Loops through the list of date-holding parameters and converts any hyphen to an ndash.  Not called if the cs1|2
template has any date errors.

Modifies the date_parameters_list and returns true if hyphens are replaced, else returns false.

]]

local function date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list)
	local result = false;
	local n;
	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if not param_val:match ('%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d') then					-- for those that are not ymd dates
			param_val, n = param_val:gsub ('%-', '–');							-- replace any hyphen with ndash
			if 0 ~= n then
				date_parameters_list[param_name] = param_val;					-- update the list
				result = true;
			end
		end
	end
	return result;																-- so we know if 
end


--[[--------------------------< S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S >--------------------------------------

Sets local imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (utilities_page_ptr)
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;											-- import functions from select Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;											-- import functions from select Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
end



return {																		-- return exported functions
	dates = dates,
	year_date_check = year_date_check,
	reformat_dates = reformat_dates,
	date_hyphen_to_dash = date_hyphen_to_dash,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules
	}