Redigerer Notre-Dame (avsnitt)

==Brann i 2019==
[[Fil:Notre Dame on fire 15042019-1.jpg|thumb|Brannen i april 2019]]
I 2019 fikk Notre-Dame omfattende skader etter en større brann mandag tidlig i [[den stille uke]]. Brannen brøt ut på taket, Notre-Dames spir tok tidlig fyr. Det kollapset sammen med større deler av taket. Brannen spredte seg også til ett av de to tårnene.<ref>{{Kilde www|url=https://www.nrk.no/urix/notre-dame-i-paris-star-i-brann-1.14517804|tittel=Notre-Dame i Paris står i brann|besøksdato=2019-04-15|dato=2019-04-15|fornavn=Kristian|etternavn=Elster|språk=nb-NO|verk=NRK}}</ref> Brannen brøt ut 15. april 2019. Katedralen var på tidspunktet for brannen under restaurering. 500 brannfolk jobbet hele natten med å slukke brannen, og om formiddagen 16. april ble brannen erklært for slukket. Frankrikes president, [[Emmanuel Macron]], har erklært at Notre-Dame skal gjenoppbygges.<ref>{{Kilde www|url=http://nettavisen.no/artikkel/3423671014|tittel=Macron lover å gjenoppbygge Notre-Dame etter brannen|besøksdato=2019-04-16|etternavn=NTB|språk=no|verk=Nettavisen}}</ref><ref>{{Kilde avis|tittel=What We Know and Don’t Know About the Notre-Dame Fire|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/world/europe/notre-dame-fire-what-we-know.html|avis=The New York Times|dato=2019-04-15|besøksdato=2019-04-18|issn=0362-4331|språk=en-US|fornavn=The New York|etternavn=Times}}</ref> I pakt med [[Loven om skille av kirke og stat (Frankrike)|Lov av 1905]] var dette et ansvar som tilkom det offentlige. Men for å bidra til kostnadene ble det etablert et fond som i løpet av to dager hadde fått donasjoner på over en milliard euro (9,6 milliarder norske kroner ved valutakurs per 18.04.2019 10:20).<ref>{{Kilde www|url=https://metro.co.uk/2019/04/17/notre-dame-fund-reaches-e1000000000000-two-days-9237995/|tittel=Notre Dame fund reaches €1,000,000,000 in two days|besøksdato=2019-04-18|dato=2019-04-17|språk=en-US|verk=Metro}}</ref> Donasjoner til fondet har kommet fra en rekke forskjellige selskaper, organisasjoner og personer.

Ingen omkom på grunn av brannen, som brøt ut mens det fant sted en messe nede i kirkrommet, men en brannkonstabel og to politifolk ble lettere skadet i slukningsarbeidet.<ref>{{Kilde www|url=http://nettavisen.no/artikkel/3423670751|tittel=- Kan aldri gjenskapes|besøksdato=2019-04-16|etternavn=NTB|språk=no|verk=Nettavisen}}</ref><ref>{{Kilde www|url=https://www.dagbladet.no/a/70987330|tittel=Fryktet kollaps: - Strukturen er reddet|besøksdato=2019-04-18|dato=2019-04-16|fornavn=Trym|etternavn=Mogen|språk=no|verk=Dagbladet.no}}</ref>

Mange artefakter ble reddet, heriblant [[Kristi tornekrone|Jesu tornekrone]], før ilden spredte seg til andre deler av katedralen.  Det var en kapellan for brannfolkene, fader Jean-Marc Fournier, som skyndte seg inn i kirken mens taket brant og fikk den ut i sikkerhet.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULpcmCCMNTc Incendie à Notre-Dame : témoignage de l´aumônier des pompiers de Paris] Video der presten beskriver redningen av tornekronen. Engelsk oversettelse:
{{smalldiv|
:I am father Fournier, chaplain-major at the Paris Fire Brigade and I was the chaplain on duty this 15th of April when an extraordinary fire occurred in the Notre-Dame cathedral.
:As I was on duty, I was called on the scene, and right away two things must absolutely be done: save this unfathomable treasure that is the crown of thorns, and of course our Lord present in the Blessed Sacrament.
:As I entered the cathedral, there was little smoke and almost no heat, but we had a vision of what hell may be: like waterfalls of fire pouring down from the openings in the roof, due to the downfall not only of the spire but also of other smaller debris in the choir.
:I was escorted by a senior officer; the difficulty was in finding the holder of the code to the safe that sheltered the Crown of Thorns. This took us much time, and during this quest for the code a team of firefighters was trying to break open the safe, and they did just as I got a hold of the keys.
:The relic was then extracted [from the building] and guarded by police officers.
:Everybody understands that the Crown of Thorns is an absolutely unique and extraordinary relic, but the Blessed Sacrament is our Lord, really present in his body, soul, divinity and humanity and you understand that it is hard to see someone you love perish in the blaze. As firefighters we often see casualties from fire and we know its effects, this is why I sought to preserve above all the real presence of our Lord Jesus Christ.
:[Something about Macron and the fact that there were 400 up to 600 firefighters on scene…]
:[Compliments to the general officer commanding the Paris fire brigade who showed exceptional leadership…]
:The time when the fire attacked the northern bell tower and we started to fear losing it, was exactly the time when I rescued the Blessed Sacrament. And I did not want to simply leave with Jesus: I took the opportunity to perform a Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament.
:Here I am completely alone in the cathedral, in the middle of burning debris falling down from the ceiling, I call upon Jesus to help us save His home.
:It was probably both this and the excellent general maneuver of the firefighters that led to the stopping of the fire, the ultimate rescuing of the northern tower and subsequently of the other one.
:We started Lent by imposing ashes and saying “remember you are dust,” and truly this was a miniature Lent: the Cathedral went to ashes, not to disappear, but to emerge stronger, as we Christians are, after the Resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ.}}</ref><ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6927345/Fire-chaplain-helped-Bataclan-victims-entered-burning-Notre-Dame-save-Crown-Thorns-relic.html</ref> Skjønt selve tornekronen ble reddet, var et lite fragment av den blitt anbragt i kirkespiret, og antas å ha brent opp.  Presten organiserte også en menneskekjede som transporterte ut andre kostbarheter. Grunnet renoveringen var kobberstatuene ([[vannspyer|gargouillene]]) og [[rosevindu]]ene fjernet fra bygningen bare en uke innen brannen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-47942176|title=Notre-Dame cathedral engulfed by fire|website=BBC News|access-date=15. april 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415185203/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-47942176|archive-date=15. april 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Hvelvingene som utgjør katedralloftet er stort sett intakte og hindret det brennende taktømmer i å falle ned i bygningens indre.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2019/apr/15/notre-dame-cathedral-fire-paris-france-landmark-live-news|title=Notre Dame Cathedral Fire, Paris, France Landmark, Live News|website=The Guardian|language=en|access-date=15. april 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415230652/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2019/apr/15/notre-dame-cathedral-fire-paris-france-landmark-live-news|archive-date=2019-04-15|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Kirkens to tårn overlevde brannen.

[[Vatikanet]] tilbød faglig ekspertise fra [[Vatikanmuseet]] som har stor erfaring med rekonstrusjoner.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2019-04/pope-francis-message-notre-dame-cathedral.html |date=16. april 2019 |website=vaticannews.va |title=Notre Dame fire: Pope joins Paris in sorrow, Vatican offers technical expertise |quote=...The President of the Pontifical Council for Culture told reporters that the Holy See could take part in some specific area of the reconstruction, making reference to the technical expertise of the Vatican Museums. 'We have the type of know-how that the whole world recognizes as being of a high quality,' said Cardinal Ravasi. 'So I think an eventual future offer by the Holy See will be significant'... |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416143431/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2019-04/pope-francis-message-notre-dame-cathedral.html |url-status=live |archivedate= }}</ref>

De messer som det vanligvis skal feires i et bispedømmes katedral måtte selvfølgelig legges til andre steder; [[oljevigselsmesse]]n den 17. april var den første: Den ble feiret i [[Saint-Sulpice|kirken Saint-Sulpice]], som bare noen uker også var blitt beskadiget av en brann (påsatt),<ref>http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/a-paris-l-eglise-saint-sulpice-touchee-par-un-incendie-20190317 La Croix: ''A Paris l'Église Saint-Sulpice touchée par un incendie'', 20190317</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-france-church/paris-historic-saint-sulpice-church-briefly-catches-fire-nobody-hurt-idUKKCN1QY0OQ|title=Paris' historic Saint-Sulpice church briefly catches fire, nobody hurt|publisher=Reuters|date=17. mars 2019|accessdate=19. mars 2019|archivedate=2019-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319151342/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-france-church/paris-historic-saint-sulpice-church-briefly-catches-fire-nobody-hurt-idUKKCN1QY0OQ|url-status=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.leparisien.fr/paris-75/paris-l-incendie-a-l-eglise-saint-sulpice-n-etait-pas-accidentel-18-03-2019-8034678.php|trans-title=Paris: The Fire at Saint-Sulpice Church Was Not Accidental |work=[[Le Parisien]] |date=18. mars 2019 |last=Gairaud |first=Marie-Anne |title=Paris: l’incendie à l’église Saint-Sulpice n’était pas accidentel |language=fr |quote=The origin of the incident is, according to the first conclusions of the central laboratory of the police headquarters, ‘human’ and ‘deliberate’.}}</ref> men som atter var i en slik stand at gudstjenester feires som vanlig.

Årsaken til brannen er ikke klarlagt. Trolig skyldes det et uhell som feil i elektrisk anlegg.<ref>{{Kilde www|url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20241207-paris-unveils-famed-notre-dame-cathedral-after-mammoth-five-year-reconstruction|tittel=Paris unveils famed Notre-Dame Cathedral after mammoth five-year reconstruction|besøksdato=2024-12-07|dato=2024-12-07|språk=en|verk=France 24}}</ref>